lABORATORY

DESCRIPTION

 

Problematica abordată în cadrul laboratorului de ameliorare a speciilor pomicole termofile: peach, nectarine and apricot, but considering the demands and challenges brought by climate change.

Mainly, the activity of the laboratory is oriented towards:

  • The creation of new varieties with resistance to low temperatures and return frosts from spring during the flowering period;
  • Zoning of new species and varieties in favorable areas;
  • Genetic determination and heredity study of the main qualitative and quantitative characters;
  • Hereditary transmission of some phenotypically expressed physiological and biochemical characteristics, which increases resistance to stress;
  • Genetic foundation of breeding strategies;
  • The genetic control of the tree's characteristics and improvement in correlation with the acceleration of the entry into the fruit;
  • Development and maintenance of a germplasm fund of apricot, peach and nectarine species;

 

The main activities carried out in the pomological collections are:

  • Evaluation of the germplasm pool according to internationally recognized methods and descriptors;
  • Multiplication of identified genotypes at risk of loss;
  • Collecting new genotypes and grafting them for introduction into ex situ collections;
  • Identifying genotypes useful for breeding programs and grouping them according to the characters and traits sought in breeding programs.

 

Regarding the objectives pursued within the improvement programs carried out at SCDP Băneasa, they are:

CAIS

  • Adaptability of the apricot species to ecological conditions, resistance to wintering and variations in temperature and humidity
  • Productivity and ecological quality
  • Disease and pest resistance: Monilia sp., Cytospora sp., Stigmina sp., Xanthomonas sp., Pseudomonas syringae, Viroze, Afide
  • Extending the consumption season

Other objectives:

  • Industrial processing and long-distance transport of fruit;
  • Adaptation of local selections;
  • Increasing the longevity of trees;
  • Obtaining varieties on own roots

PEACH:

  • Expansion of the varietal range (extra-early, very late ripening)
  • Adaptation to ecological conditions;
  • Superior quality of the fruits;
  • New peach varieties with white flesh;
  • New varieties of nectarines;
  • Varieties with flat fruit;
  • Genetically dwarf varieties;
  • Varieties with high and constant production;
  • Resistance to diseases and pests
  • Resistance to frost and temperature variations

Laboratory equipment

  • Microscope;
  • Digital weather station;
  • Lupă binocular;
  • Stereo microscope;
  • Portable scales;
  • Analog refractometer;
  • Analog penetrometer;
  • Refrigeration equipment;
  • Solar for plant acclimatization;
  • Computer hardware;
  • Experimental lots (collections, contest cultures, microcultures, selection plots, pilot plots).

Within SCDP Băneasa Bucharest, there is a laboratory where specific determinations are made on fruits and leaves in order to characterize and evaluate the main qualitative and quantitative characters, which are reflected in physiological and biochemical characteristics expressed phenotypically, which determine the quality of the varieties.